PSMA Radionuclide Therapy

PSMA (prostate-specific membrane antigen) is a protein that is found at high levels on the surface of prostate cancer cells. PSMA radionuclide therapy is a new type of treatment consisting of radioactive molecules attached to molecules that target prostate cancer cells by seeking the PSMA protein. This medicine is injected into your bloodstream and the radiation is brought directly to the cancer cells.

In March, 2025, ¹⁷⁷Lutetium-PSMA-617 (Pluvicto®)  was approved for use earlier in the course of prostatecancer. It is now approved for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)who have received an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI, such as abiraterone or enzalutamide),and

• for whom it is considered appropriate to delay taxane-based chemotherapy (such as docetaxel) OR
• have received prior taxane-based chemotherapy.

Patients must also have prostate cancer visible on a PSMA PET scan.

Studies are underway to test the effectiveness of ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA-617 in earlier stages of prostate cancer, and in combination with other treatments such as immunotherapy. Other potentially more potent versions of PSMA radionuclide therapies are also in development.

Because small amounts of PSMA are present on certain types of healthy tissues, there can be side effects. Rare, potentially serious side effects, include bone marrow problems and kidney problems, may also occur. Ask your doctor about radiation safety precautions you should take in the days following each infusion to minimize risk to you and your family.

Last Reviewed: 4/2025